As a therapist, I have observed a significant rise in
clients seeking counselling during the winter months, particularly in December.
This pattern is not surprising, as seasonal changes
can have a substantial impact on mental health. Seasonal
Affective Disorder (SAD), also
referred to as Seasonal Depression or Winter Blues, is a
mood disorder characterized by
recurrent depressive episodes that occur at specific times
of the year. It is most commonly
observed during the winter months, when reduced daylight
hours may disrupt circadian
rhythms and affect neurotransmitter activity. Symptoms of
SAD often intensify during winter
and show noticeable improvement with the arrival of spring,
aligning with increased
exposure to natural light.
Given the rise in such cases, it becomes essential to shed
light on this condition, raise awareness, and provide helpful information to
those who may be affected. In this article, I
aim to highlight what SAD is, why it occurs, who are most
vulnerable, and what steps can be
taken to manage it effectively.
PREVALENCE IN INDIA: While comprehensive national statistics
are limited, studies suggest that approximately 5.67% of individuals with major
affective disorders in North India
experience SAD.
Symptoms of Sad:
1. Persistent low mood
2. Loss of interest in activities once enjoyed
3. Low energy and fatigue
4. Changes in sleep patterns, often sleeping more than usual
5. Changes in appetite, particularly craving carbohydrates
6. Difficulty concentrating
7. Feelings of hopelessness or worthlessness
8. In severe cases, thoughts of self-harm or suicide
CAUSES: SAD typically begins in late autumn or early winter
and subsides during spring and summer. The exact cause is not fully understood,
but factors may include:
6. Gender– a higher percentage of females are diagnosed with
SAD
7. Age–young adults are more likely to be diagnosed with SAD
8. Reduced exposure to sunlight, leading to a drop in
serotonin levels, affecting mood
Treatment and Management
1. Light Therapy: also referred to as Bright Light Therapy
(BLT) or phototherapy, i.e. Exposure to bright light, an approach seeking to
replace the diminished sunshine using bright artificial light, particularly in
the morning, to compensate for reduced sunlight.
2. Medications: Psychiatrist may prescribe meds to alleviate
symptoms as per severity
3. Lifestyle Modifications: Engaging in regular physical
activity, maintaining a healthy diet, and maximising exposure to natural light
during the day can be beneficial.
4. Seeking Professional Help: It is important to consult a
mental healthcare professional. Psychiatrists, clinical psychologists, or
licensed therapists who are professionally trained to diagnose and help
individuals manage negative thoughts and behaviours, treat mood disorders,
associated with SAD.
Understanding and addressing SAD is crucial for mental
well-being, especially during the months when this condition is most prevalent.
Early intervention can lead to better outcomes and improve quality of life
during the affected seasons.
