Lviv (Ukraine), May 5 (PTI/AP): Ukraine's military on Thursday said it recaptured some areas in the south and repelled Russian attacks in the east, as a bloody battle raged at a steel mill in Mariupol where Ukrainian troops are holed up in tunnels and bunkers, fending off a Russian onslaught.
Ten weeks into a devastating war, Ukrainian and Russian forces are fighting village by village, as Moscow struggles to gain momentum in the eastern industrial heartland of the Donbas.
Russia switched its focus to that region where Moscow-backed separatists have fought Ukrainian forces for years after a stiffer than expected resistance bogged its troops down and thwarted its initial goal of overrunning the capital.
In an interview with The Associated Press on Thursday, Belarus President Alexander Lukashenko said he hadn't expected the Russian offensive to drag on this way .
Some Russian troops used ally Belarus as a launch pad for the invasion on February 24, and Lukashenko publicly supported the operation.
But I am not immersed in this problem enough to say whether it goes according to plan, like the Russians say, or like I feel it," the authoritarian leader said.
He added it would be unacceptable to use nuclear weapons, but he couldn't say if Russia has such plans.
In addition to heavy shelling of the Donbas, Russian forces also kept up their bombardment of railroad stations and other supply-line targets across the country part of an effort to disrupt the supply of Western arms, which have been critical to Ukraine's defence.
Ukrainian forces on Thursday said they made some gains on the border of the southern regions of Kherson and Mykolaiv and repelled 11 Russian attacks in the Donetsk and Luhansk regions that make up the Donbas.
Five people were killed and at least 25 more wounded in shelling of cities in the Donbas over the past 24 hours, Ukrainian officials said. The attacks damaged houses and a school as well.
Air raid sirens sounded in cities across the country on Wednesday night, while Russian attacks were reported near capital Kyiv; in Cherkasy and Dnipro in central Ukraine; and in Zaporizhzhia in the southeast.
In Dnipro, authorities said a rail facility was hit following several earlier attacks on railway stations across the country.
The sirens sounded anew early on Thursday in the western city of Lviv, which has been a gateway for western arms and served as a relative safe haven for people fleeing fighting farther east.
The flurry of attacks come as Russia prepares to celebrate Victory Day on May 9, marking the Soviet Union's defeat of Nazi Germany.
Some observers have speculated that President Vladimir Putin wants to declare some sort of victory on that day but with the date looming and his troops only making slow progress, that looks increasingly difficult. Others have suggested he could expand what he calls the special military operation .
A declaration of all-out war would allow Putin to introduce martial law and mobilize reservists to make up for significant troop losses. The Kremlin has dismissed the speculation.
An assessment by the Washington-based Institute for the Study of War said Russian forces were struggling to gain traction.
Ukrainian defences have largely stalled Russian advances in eastern Ukraine, it said late on Wednesday.
Russian forces intensified airstrikes against transportation infrastructure in western Ukraine (on Wednesday) but remain unable to interdict Western aid shipments to Ukraine, it added.
In the most searing example of how Ukrainian forces have slowed Russia's progress, Ukrainian fighters held out at the sprawling Azovstal steel mill in Mariupol the last pocket of resistance in a city that is otherwise controlled by Moscow's forces.
With the support of aircraft, the enemy resumed the offensive in order to take control of the plant, the Ukrainian military's General Staff said on Thursday. A stream of black smoke rose above the plant on Wednesday.
The Ukrainians said Russian forces have pushed into the plant's perimeter and were also bombing it from above. The Kremlin denied that there was any ground assault.
Denys Prokopenko, commander of the Ukrainian Azov regiment that's defending the plant, said in a video posted on Wednesday that the incursions continued for a second day, and there are heavy, bloody battles .
Mariupol's fall would deprive Ukraine of a vital port, allow Russia to establish a land corridor to the Crimean Peninsula, which it seized from Ukraine in 2014, and free up troops to fight elsewhere in the Donbas.
The city, and the plant in particular, have come to symbolise the misery inflicted by the war. The Russians have pulverised most of Mariupol in a two-month siege that has trapped civilians with little food, water, medicine or heat.
Civilians holed up inside the plant have perhaps suffered even more. About 100 of them were evacuated over the weekend the first time some saw daylight in months.
The Russian government said it would open another evacuation corridor from the plant during certain hours on Thursday through Saturday. But there was no immediate confirmation of those arrangements from other parties, and many previous assurances from the Kremlin have fallen through, with the Ukrainians blaming continued fighting by the Russians.
It is unclear how many Ukrainian fighters are still inside the plant, but the Russians put the number at about 2,000 in recent weeks, and 500 were reported to be wounded. A few hundred civilians also remain there, the Ukrainian side said this week.
The United Nations announced that more than 300 civilians were evacuated on Wednesday from Mariupol and other nearby communities. The evacuees arrived in Zaporizhzhia, about 230 kilometres to the northwest, where they were receiving humanitarian assistance.
Many came with nothing but the clothes they were wearing, and we will now support them during this difficult time, including with much-needed psychological support, said Osnat Lubrani, the UN humanitarian coordinator for Ukraine.
Meanwhile, Belarus announced the start of military exercises on Wednesday. A top Ukrainian official said the country will be ready to act if Belarus joins the fighting.
The British Defence Ministry on Thursday said it does not anticipate that the drills currently posed a threat to Ukraine, but that Moscow will likely use them "to fix Ukrainian forces in the north, preventing them from being committed to the battle for the Donbas .
In addition to supplying weapons to Ukraine, Europe and the US have sought to punish Moscow with sanctions, taking aim at the country's vital energy sector. The European Union's top official called on the 27-nation bloc on Wednesday to ban Russian oil imports, a crucial source of revenue.
The proposal needs unanimous approval from EU countries and is likely to be debated fiercely. Hungary and Slovakia have already said they won't take part in any oil sanctions, but they could be granted an exemption.
The EU is also talking about a possible embargo on Russian natural gas. The bloc has already approved a cutoff of coal imports.